CĂșiseanna madhmtha san inneall
Ăbhar
Is feinimĂ©an contĂșirteach Ă© cnag innill a d'fhĂ©adfadh damĂĄiste suntasach a dhĂ©anamh do chodanna den ghlĂ©asra cumhachta. FiĂș amhĂĄin le cĂĄs amhĂĄin de dhĂłchĂĄn plĂ©ascach breosla taobh istigh de na sorcĂłirĂ, is gĂĄ cĂșiseanna an fheinimĂ©an seo a thuiscint agus iad a dhĂchur, ar shlĂ eile beidh gĂĄ le hoibrĂocht deisiĂșchĂĄin daor.
Cad is maidhm in inneall
Is minic go mbĂonn Ă©ifeacht fuaime suntasach ag gabhĂĄil le dĂłchĂĄin bhreosla. Le feidhmiĂș ceart gach cĂłras agus meicnĂocht an innill, adhnaĂonn an breosla sa sorcĂłir i lĂĄthair na huaire nuair a bhĂonn an loine thart ar an lĂĄrionad marbh barr. Mar gheall ar an am adhainte a choigeartaĂtear go beacht, sroicheann an brĂș gĂĄis a luach uasta ag an nĂłimĂ©ad ceart, ach nĂ tharlaĂonn an plĂ©ascadh mar gheall ar ghluaiseacht anuas na heiliminte atĂĄ ag gluaiseacht.
BreathnaĂtear staid iomlĂĄn difriĂșil faoi lĂĄthair nuair a adhnaĂonn an meascĂĄn aerbhreosla i bhfad sula sroicheann an loine lĂĄrionad marbh barr, ar chĂșis amhĂĄin nĂł ar chĂșis eile. Sa chĂĄs seo, tĂĄ comhlachtaĂ oibre an ghrĂșpa sorcĂłra-loine rĂł-ualach mar thoradh ar leathnĂș plĂ©ascach gĂĄis agus an loine ag bogadh in airde. Cuirtear an cĂĄs in olcas go mĂłr nuair a ghnĂomhaĂtear an mheicnĂocht chromĂĄin trĂ chasmhĂłimint a tharlaĂonn le linn oibriĂș an tosaithe leictreachais nĂł a tharchuirtear Ăł na rothaĂ tiomĂĄna le linn coscĂĄnaithe an innill. D'fhĂ©adfadh iarmhairtĂ an-neamh-inmhianaithe a bheith ag cur i gcoinne dhĂĄ fhĂłrsa a bhfuil treoracha contrĂĄrtha acu. TarlaĂonn cnagĂĄil de ghnĂĄth nuair a dhĂșntar na comhlaĂ ionghabhĂĄla agus sceite, agus is fĂ©idir leis na gĂĄis atĂĄ ag mĂ©adĂș a dhĂł trĂd an gasket bloc sorcĂłra nĂł pĂĄirteanna inmheĂĄnacha inneall eile a scriosadh.
Madhmadh san inneall: cĂșiseanna
Is fĂ©idir leis an meascĂĄn indĂłite madhmadh nĂ hamhĂĄin taobh istigh den sorcĂłir, ach freisin sna manifolds iontĂłgĂĄil agus sceite. Uaireanta sroicheann gala gĂĄsailĂn fiĂș an muffler agus tarlaĂonn dĂłchĂĄin plĂ©ascach dĂreach sa phĂobĂĄn sceite.
Is Ă© an chĂșis is coitianta le dĂł roimh am breosla i mĂ©id oibre an ghrĂșpa sorcĂłra-loine nĂĄ ĂșsĂĄid a bhaint as breosla ar chaighdeĂĄn Ăseal. Is fĂ©idir an t-inneall a bhualadh freisin mĂĄ dhĂ©antar uainiĂș adhainte an mheascĂĄin breosla a choigeartĂș go mĂcheart nĂł mĂĄ theipeann ar na braiteoirĂ a rialaĂonn an cĂłras seo (aonad rialaithe ECM, braiteoir seasamh camshaft, etc.) le linn oibriĂș feithicle. Is fĂ©idir leis an meascĂĄn breosla-aer tarlĂș freisin ar na cĂșiseanna seo a leanas:
- TarlaĂonn madhmadh mar gheall ar mhĂfheidhmiĂș na bplocĂłidĂ sprĂ©ach agus an chĂłrais fuaraithe innill.
- Is fĂ©idir le meascĂĄn breosla thrua a bheith ina chĂșis le dĂł plĂ©ascach an bhreosla freisin.
- Is minic a bhĂonn cnag tosaithe mar gheall ar rĂł-shaibhriĂș an mheascĂĄin nuair a bhĂonn an t-inneall dĂłchĂĄin inmheĂĄnaigh tuilte mar thoradh ar shĂșchĂĄn isteach i sorcĂłirĂ cuid mhĂłr gĂĄsailĂn.
- Mar gheall ar lĂĄithreacht cuid mhĂłr de thaiscĂ carbĂłin ar an loine, coinnle agus eilimintĂ eile is cĂșis le madhmadh, rud a d'fhĂ©adfadh tarlĂș fiĂș nuair a bhĂonn an adhainte mĂșchta.
Is fĂ©idir lĂĄithreacht madhmtha a thabhairt faoi deara freisin mĂĄs mian leat airgead a shĂĄbhĂĄil, mar shampla, mĂĄ splanc an tiomĂĄnaĂ an braiteoir camshaft le haghaidh euro2 agus ag an am cĂ©anna fuair sĂ© rĂ©idh leis an gcatalaĂoch agus an braiteoir ocsaigine ionas nach n-athrĂłidh sĂ© eilimintĂ daor nuair a theipeann orthu. .
Breosla leis an rĂĄtĂĄil ochtĂĄin mĂcheart nĂł droch-chaighdeĂĄn
MĂĄ dhĂ©antar breosla le rĂĄtĂĄil ochtĂĄin faoi bhun na luachanna atĂĄ molta ag monarĂłir an ghluaisteĂĄin a lĂonadh isteach in umar gĂĄis trĂ dhearmad, is fĂ©idir a bheith ag sĂșil le madhmadh taobh istigh den sorcĂłir le rĂĄthaĂocht beagnach 100%.
Is fĂ©idir le gĂĄsailĂn droch-chaighdeĂĄn adhaint ag cĂłimheas comhbhrĂș nĂos Ăsle nĂĄ sa sorcĂłir, rud a fhĂĄgann go plĂ©ascadh an breosla.
Chun tĂș fĂ©in a chosaint Ăł fheinimĂ©an chontĂșirteach le cnagadh innill, nĂ mĂłr duit moltaĂ an mhonarĂłra gluaisteĂĄn a leanĂșint go docht maidir leis na cineĂĄlacha breosla a ĂșsĂĄidtear, tabhair cuairt ar stĂĄisiĂșin seirbhĂse creidiĂșnaithe amhĂĄin, nĂĄ stĂłrĂĄil gĂĄsailĂn san umar breosla ar feadh nĂos mĂł nĂĄ bliain (roimhe seo). ag baint ĂșsĂĄide as an gcarr tar Ă©is trĂ©imhse fada dĂomhaoin, moltar an breosla a dhraenĂĄil).
Adhainte cumraithe go mĂcheart
NĂor cheart coigeartĂș adhainte a dhĂ©anamh ach amhĂĄin ag teicneoir le taithĂ. Is fĂ©idir dĂł plĂ©ascach breosla a bheith mar thoradh ar imeacht beag Ăłn norm fiĂș. MĂĄ athraĂonn uainiĂș an sprĂ©ach sa sorcĂłir rĂł-mhĂłr, fĂ©adfaidh an breosla adhaint nuair a bhĂonn an comhla ionghabhĂĄla nĂł sceite oscailte. Le sĂĄrĂș den sĂłrt sin, is fĂ©idir adhainte plĂ©ascach tarlĂș, lena n-ĂĄirĂtear taobh istigh den sceite nĂł iomadĂșil iontĂłgĂĄil. Sa dara cĂĄs, nuair a bhĂonn an t-inneall gĂĄsailĂn ag rith, is fĂ©idir tine a bheith ann mar gheall ar mhadhmadh breosla taobh istigh den carburetor, agus is fĂ©idir leis an tine scaipeadh go codanna eile in urrann inneall an ghluaisteĂĄin. In innill insteallta, is gnĂĄch go mbĂonn an fhadhb seo as lĂĄthair.
Plocóidà spréach lochtacha
MĂĄs Ă© an chĂșis atĂĄ le cnagadh inneall nĂĄ plocĂłidĂ sprĂ©acha lochtacha, nĂ bheidh sĂ© deacair an fhĂric seo a chinneadh agus Ă© a dhĂchur. MĂĄ tĂĄ an t-inneall "trots", ansin is gnĂĄch go dtarlaĂonn dĂłchĂĄin plĂ©ascach breosla mar gheall ar scaoileadh ceann de na heilimintĂ atĂĄ deartha chun gĂĄsailĂn a adhaint. Is fĂ©idir madhmadh malartach i sorcĂłirĂ Ă©agsĂșla freisin nuair a bhĂonn coinnle ar chaighdeĂĄn Ăseal ĂĄ gceannach, agus nuair a ĂșsĂĄidtear pĂĄirteanna leis an uimhir ghile mĂcheart.
meascĂĄn aer-bhreosla thrua
MĂĄ tĂĄ gala gĂĄsailĂn i lĂĄthair taobh istigh den sorcĂłir i dtiĂșchan nach leor chun adhainte, ansin fiĂș le coinnle inseirbhĂse, nĂ bheidh an meascĂĄn breosla-aer adhaint. Ar an gcĂ©ad strĂłc comhbhrĂș eile, d'fhĂ©adfadh go mbeadh an iomarca breosla ann cheana fĂ©in, rud a d'fhĂ©adfadh madhmadh a bheith mar thoradh air.
Is minic go mbĂonn maidhm sa phĂobĂĄn sceite de bharr meascĂĄn aeir/breosla thrua. Mura dtarlaĂonn adhainte an bhreosla in am, is fĂ©idir le cuid shuntasach de pas a fhĂĄil Ăłn sorcĂłir go dtĂ an iomadĂșil nuair a osclaĂtear an comhla sceite.
TaiscĂ carbĂłin ar bhallaĂ an tsorcĂłra
DĂ©anann taiscĂ lĂĄidre ar bhallaĂ na sorcĂłirĂ agus an ceann loine an meascĂĄn aerbhreosla a dhĂł go spontĂĄineach. Is fĂ©idir le adhainte tarlĂș i mbeagnach aon cheann de na timthriallta den ghrĂșpa sorcĂłir-loine, agus mar sin tĂĄ an feinimĂ©an seo an-chontĂșirteach do riocht teicniĂșil an innill.
De ghnĂĄth, comhartha saintrĂ©ith de lĂĄithreacht sĂșiche is ea dĂł plĂ©ascach breosla tar Ă©is tĂ©amh suntasach ar an inneall.
MĂfheidhmiĂș an chĂłrais fuaraithe
MĂĄ thagann mĂfheidhmiĂș ar an gcĂłras fuaraithe nuair a bhĂonn an seomra dĂłchĂĄin rĂłthĂ©amh, fĂ©adfar an meascĂĄn aerbhreosla a mhadhmadh. Na fuaimeanna is inchloiste de microexplosions Ăłn mĂ©adĂș ar an teocht ag luasanna arda an crankshaft.
Madhmadh in inneall dĂosail
DâfhĂ©adfadh cnagadh dĂosail tarlĂș mar gheall ar na diallais seo a leanas a bheith i lĂĄthair:
- CoigeartĂș mĂcheart ar uainiĂș an insteallta breosla.
- ĂsĂĄid breosla dĂosail ar dhroch-chaighdeĂĄn.
- Róthéamh an innill.
CĂ© go n-adhann breosla dĂosail mar gheall ar an iomarca teasa le linn comhbhrĂș aeir/breosla, fĂ©adfaidh rĂł-chomhbhrĂș nĂł rĂłthĂ©amh an breosla a adhaint roimh rĂ©.
Conas cnag inneall a dheisiĂș
MĂĄ chloistear cnag le linn oibriĂș an innill, nĂ mĂłr an feinimĂ©an seo a dhĂchur a luaithe is fĂ©idir. Go hĂĄirithe contĂșirteach is ea an dĂłchĂĄin plĂ©ascach breosla ag an am a thosaĂonn inneall fuar, nuair is fĂ©idir rĂł-sreabhadh sorcĂłir a bheith mar thoradh ar easpa oibrĂochta inneall neamhspleĂĄch le fada. I gcĂĄs den sĂłrt sin, is fĂ©idir le breosla dul isteach sa iomadĂșil sceite agus fiĂș, le fĂĄinnĂ comhbhrĂș caite go mĂłr, isteach sa spĂĄs faoin loine. D'fhĂ©adfadh scaradh meicniĂșil an chĂłrais sceite agus na pĂĄirteanna innill a bheith mar thoradh ar adhainte plĂ©ascach breosla sa chĂĄs seo.
Beidh modhanna chun deireadh a chur le feinimĂ©in madhmtha sa sorcĂłir ag brath ar an gcĂșis ba chĂșis le dĂłchĂĄn plĂ©ascach an bhreosla.
Uimhir mhĂcheart ochtĂĄin
Ar an gcĂ©ad amhras faoi ĂșsĂĄid gĂĄsailĂn Ăseal-ochtĂĄin, is gĂĄ an umar a dhraenĂĄil agus an branda breosla cuĂ a lĂonadh. Uaireanta, ceannaĂonn ĂșinĂ©ir gluaisteĂĄn, ar mian leis airgead a shĂĄbhĂĄil, breosla nĂos saoire ag stĂĄisiĂșin ghĂĄis, ach tĂĄ dallamullĂłg iomlĂĄn ann freisin. Mar shampla, cuireann dĂoltĂłirĂ neamhscrupallacha imoibrithe saora le gĂĄsailĂn Ăseal-ochtĂĄin chun cĂĄilĂocht dĂłchĂĄin an mheascĂĄin aerbhreosla a fheabhsĂș. Is Ă© an mĂbhuntĂĄiste a bhaineann le substaintĂ den sĂłrt sin a ĂșsĂĄid nĂĄ scrios creimneach ar na codanna den ghrĂșpa sorcĂłir-loine agus madhmadh mar gheall ar ghalĂș comhphĂĄirteanna ceimiceacha a mhĂ©adaĂonn lĂon ochtĂĄin an bhreosla.
Adhainte socraithe go mĂcheart
MĂĄs rud Ă© go ndearnadh deisiĂșchĂĄin roimhe seo, a raibh sĂ© riachtanach an t-am adhainte a dhĂchĂłimeĂĄil, agus an chuid seo ĂĄ hathshuiteĂĄil, is fĂ©idir go dtiocfaidh athrĂș suntasach ar an nĂłimĂ©ad sprĂ©ach sna sorcĂłirĂ. Leis an bhfadhb seo, beidh an t-inneall ag âsraothartachâ i gcĂłnaĂ nĂł cloisfear cad a tharlaĂonn nuair a bheidh an t-iolraitheoir sceite. Chun deireadh a chur le hĂ©ifeacht dĂłchĂĄin madhmtha breosla, beidh gĂĄ le huainiĂș adhainte cĂĄilithe.
In Ă©agmais muinĂne daingean nach bhfuil an cĂłras chun chuimhneachĂĄin sprĂ©ach a dhĂĄileadh sna sorcĂłirĂ ag obair i gceart, nĂor cheart bearta deisiĂșchĂĄin a dhĂ©anamh. Is Ă© suĂomh monarchan an chĂłrais seo an ceann is ceart, ach mĂĄs rud Ă© nach mĂfheidhm dĂĄileora ba chĂșis leis an madhmadh innill, ciallaĂonn sĂ© seo go gcuirfear fadhb theicniĂșil eile leis, rud a chaithfidh saineolaĂ speisialaithe a rĂ©iteach go prĂĄinneach, is dĂłcha. ceardlann.
SprĂ©achphlocĂłidĂ lochtacha nĂł mĂmheaitsiĂșla
MĂĄ chloistear maidhm an mheascĂĄin aerbhreosla i sorcĂłir amhĂĄin, agus go bhfuil an t-inneall âag brĂșâ, ansin, le leibhĂ©al ard dĂłchĂșlachta, is Ă© an sprĂ©achphlocĂłid is cĂșis leis an bhfeinimĂ©an seo. Chun a chinneadh cĂ©n sorcĂłir a dtarlaĂonn dĂł breosla ag an am mĂcheart, is fĂ©idir leat na sreanga sciath a thagann Ăłn dĂĄileoir adhainte a dhĂcheangal gach re seach.
MĂĄ aithnĂtear sprĂ©achphlocĂłid lochtach, is fĂ©idir Ă© a chur trĂ thine le dĂłire gĂĄis nĂł le greanroiseadh. Mura fĂ©idir feidhmĂocht na coda a athbhunĂș, ba cheart duit tĂĄirge nua a cheannach, ach is fearr sraith iomlĂĄn de chodanna ardchaighdeĂĄin a cheannach agus iad a shuiteĂĄil ar gach sorcĂłir inneall.
MĂĄs rud Ă© trĂ dhearmad suiteĂĄladh coinnle nach bhfuil ag teacht le huimhir gile nĂł fad na sciorta, ba cheart iad a chur in ionad lĂĄithreach le tĂĄirgĂ a mhol monarĂłir an ghluaisteĂĄin.
Buail an t-inneall tar Ă©is an adhainte
TarlaĂonn bualadh nuair a stoptar an t-inneall nuair a bhĂonn spotaĂ te laistigh den dĂlĂĄithriĂș sorcĂłra. Go minic, is sraith sĂșiche Ă© an caighdeĂĄn seo, a bhĂonn dearg-te nuair a bhĂonn an t-inneall ag rith.
Mar gheall ar lĂĄithreacht sraith shuntasach de thaiscĂ crua taobh istigh den sorcĂłir, bĂonn an t-inneall ag rĂ©abadh go mĂcheart. MĂĄ tĂĄ an dĂĄ comharthaĂ i lĂĄthair, tĂĄ gĂĄ le gnĂomh prĂĄinneach chun taiscĂ carbĂłin a bhaint as na sorcĂłirĂ. Is fĂ©idir breiseĂĄin breosla speisialta a ĂșsĂĄid le haghaidh seo. Is fĂ©idir freisin modh meicniĂșil a bhaint as taiscĂ soladacha, ach beidh gĂĄ leis an inneall a dhĂchĂłimeĂĄil go pĂĄirteach.
Róthéamh innill
MĂĄ phlĂ©ascann an t-inneall mar gheall ar thĂ©amh iomarcach, ansin is gĂĄ deireadh a chur le cĂșis oibriĂș an aonaid chumhachta i gcoinnĂollacha teochta neamhchaighdeĂĄnacha. I bhformhĂłr na gcĂĄsanna, d'fhĂ©adfadh sĂ© seo a bheith mar gheall ar chuisniĂș neamhleor, scoradĂĄn ciorcaid lucht leanĂșna lochtach, teirmeastat, nĂł cĂłras adhainte. TrĂ chĂșis an rĂłthĂ©amh a dhĂchur, is fĂ©idir deireadh a chur go hiomlĂĄn le hĂ©ifeacht dĂłchĂĄin madhmtha breosla sna sorcĂłirĂ.
CĂșiseanna a mhearbhalltar go minic le madhmadh
Le linn oibriĂș innill carburetor, is minic a breathnaĂtear Ă©ifeacht adhainte glow. DĂ©antar an prĂłiseas seo mar gheall ar fhĂ©in-adhaint an mheascĂĄin aerbhreosla mar gheall ar thĂ©amh iomarcach eilimintĂ inmheĂĄnacha an ghrĂșpa sorcĂłra-loine. Ar innill atĂĄ feistithe le cĂłras insteallta breosla leictreonach, nĂ thugtar faoi deara an fhadhb seo.
D'fhĂ©adfadh dĂosal a bheith mar chĂșis le madhmadh, nĂł Ă©ifeacht cosĂșil leis an bhfeinimĂ©an seo. TarlaĂonn uathadhainte den chineĂĄl seo meascĂĄn in innill a bhfuil cĂłimheas comhbhrĂș ard acu nuair a ĂșsĂĄidtear gĂĄsailĂn de chĂĄilĂocht neamhleor. De ghnĂĄth, nĂ thĂ©ann oibriĂș an innill tar Ă©is an adhainte a mhĂșchadh sa chĂĄs seo nĂos mĂł nĂĄ 2-3 soicind.
Is minic a mhearbhallaĂtear smearadh mĂ©ar agus maidhm. Murab ionann agus dĂłchĂĄin plĂ©ascach breosla, dĂ©antar an sainmhĂniĂș ar nĂos mĂł spĂĄis idir na codanna inmheĂĄnacha a dhĂ©anamh trĂ nĂos mĂł torainn mhiotalacha, atĂĄ nĂos inchloiste nuair a luasghĂ©araĂonn an carr.
glow adhainte
Chun Ă©ifeacht adhainte glow a sheachaint, sula ndĂ©antar an t-inneall a mhĂșchadh, moltar ligean don inneall a reĂĄchtĂĄil ar luas Ăseal ar feadh 1-2 nĂłimĂ©ad. Is fĂ©idir freisin cnaipe a thabhairt isteach in urrann an phaisinĂ©ara chun an comhla solenoid carburetor a ghnĂomhachtĂș iallach, a stopann an solĂĄthar breosla don chĂłras dĂomhaoin nuair a scaoiltear an pedal luasaire agus mĂșchtar an adhainte.
DĂosal
MĂĄ tĂĄ an t-inneall mĂșchta agus leanann sĂ© ag rith, ba chĂłir duit iarracht a dhĂ©anamh deireadh a chur leis an bhfeinimĂ©an seo a chur in ionad an gĂĄsailĂn san umar le breosla ar chaighdeĂĄn nĂos fearr. Is fĂ©idir freisin an comhla solenoid carburetor a ionramhĂĄil, mar atĂĄ i gcĂĄs rĂ©amh-adhainte a chosc.
IarmhairtĂ maidhm inneall
Le linn madhmtha, tarlaĂonn micreaphlĂ©asc taobh istigh de na sorcĂłirĂ innill. TĂĄ an tionchar diĂșltach ar chodanna inmheĂĄnacha an innill mar gheall ar Ă©ifeachtaĂ brĂș ard agus teocht. Is iad na hiarmhairtĂ is sainiĂșla a bhaineann le madhmadh:
- Scriosadh fĂĄinnĂ loine.
- Gasket bloc sorcĂłir dĂłite.
- Caitheann irisleabhair chromĂĄin agus cuasaĂ slata ceangail ag luas ard.
MĂĄ breathnaĂtear dĂłchĂĄin plĂ©ascach breosla in inneall gluaisteĂĄn, ansin bĂonn go leor mĂchaoithiĂșlachtaĂ ag baint leis a thiomĂĄint. Chomh maith le hĂ©ifeacht fuaime mĂthaitneamhach, beidh an t-inneall rĂłthĂ©amh i gcĂłnaĂ, agus laghdĂłidh a chumhacht agus a fhreagairt throttle go luachanna do-ghlactha.
Is fĂ©idir leat triail a bhaint as na modhanna dĂothaithe is simplĂ, lena n-ĂĄirĂtear sprĂ©achphlocĂłidĂ a athsholĂĄthar nĂł breosla ar chaighdeĂĄn Ăseal a dhraenĂĄil, leat fĂ©in. Mura fĂ©idir leat an fhadhb a rĂ©iteach le do lĂĄmha fĂ©in, caithfidh tĂș an carr a thabhairt chuig ceardlann speisialaithe. I gcĂĄs maidhmithe tromchĂșiseacha, is fearr seirbhĂsĂ craein a ĂșsĂĄid chun an baol scriosta ar chodanna inmheĂĄnacha an ghrĂșpa sorcĂłra-loine a laghdĂș.