CothromĂș an seafta liĂĄn
Ăbhar
Is fĂ©idir an seafta cardan a chothromĂș le do lĂĄmha fĂ©in agus ag an stĂĄisiĂșn seirbhĂse. Sa chĂ©ad chĂĄs, Ă©ilĂonn sĂ© seo ĂșsĂĄid uirlisĂ agus ĂĄbhair speisialta - meĂĄchain agus teanntĂĄin. Mar sin fĂ©in, is fearr cothromaĂocht an âcardanâ a chur ar iontaoibh oibrithe an stĂĄisiĂșin seirbhĂse, Ăłs rud Ă© go bhfuil sĂ© dodhĂ©anta mais an chothromĂłra agus an ĂĄit a shuiteĂĄiltear Ă© a rĂomh de lĂĄimh le cruinneas. TĂĄ roinnt modhanna comhardaithe âdaoineâ ann, a labhrĂłimid faoi nĂos dĂ©anaĂ.
ComharthaĂ agus cĂșiseanna Ă©agothroime
Is Ă© an prĂomh-chomhartha go dtarlĂłidh Ă©agothroime i seafta cardan an ghluaisteĂĄin cuma creathadh corp iomlĂĄn na feithicle. Ag an am cĂ©anna, mĂ©adaĂonn sĂ© mar a mhĂ©adaĂonn luas na gluaiseachta, agus, ag brath ar an mĂ©id Ă©agothroime, is fĂ©idir Ă© a lĂ©iriĂș cheana fĂ©in ag luas 60-70 km / h, agus nĂos mĂł nĂĄ 100 cilimĂ©adar in aghaidh na huaire. Is Ă© an toradh atĂĄ air seo nĂĄ nuair a rothlaĂonn an seafta, go n-aistrĂonn a meĂĄchanlĂĄr, agus go âcaitheannâ an carr ar an mbĂłthar an fĂłrsa lĂĄrtheifeacha dĂĄ bharr. Comhartha breise de bhreis ar chreathadh is ea an chuma hum trĂ©ithag teacht Ăł bhun an chairr.
Is féidir iarmhairtà den sórt sin a bheith mar thoradh ar fhaillà miondealaithe.
TĂĄ roinnt cĂșiseanna leis an miondealĂș seo. Ina measc:
- caitheamh agus cuimilt nĂĄdĂșrtha pĂĄirteanna le haghaidh oibriĂș fadtĂ©armach;
- dĂfhoirmĂochtaĂ meicniĂșlationchair nĂł ualaĂ iomarcacha;
- lochtanna dĂ©antĂșsaĂochta;
- bearnaà móra idir na heilimintà aonair den seafta (i gcås nach bhfuil sé soladach).
Beag beann ar na cĂșiseanna, nuair a bhĂonn na hairĂonna a thuairiscĂtear thuas le feiceĂĄil, is gĂĄ a sheiceĂĄil le haghaidh Ă©agothroime. Is fĂ©idir obair dheisiĂșchĂĄin a dhĂ©anamh i do gharĂĄiste fĂ©in.
Conas an gimbal a chothromĂș sa bhaile
DĂ©anaimis cur sĂos ar an bprĂłiseas chun an seafta cardĂĄn a chothromĂș lenĂĄr lĂĄmha fĂ©in ag baint ĂșsĂĄide as an modh "seanathair" aitheanta. NĂl sĂ© deacair, ach is fĂ©idir go dtĂłgfaidh sĂ© tamall fada Ă© a chrĂochnĂș. go leor ama. Is cinnte go mbeidh poll fĂ©achana de dhĂth ort, ar a gcaithfidh tĂș an carr a thiomĂĄint ar dtĂșs. beidh roinnt meĂĄchain de dhĂth ort freisin de rĂ©ir meĂĄchain Ă©agsĂșla a ĂșsĂĄidtear i gcomhardĂș rotha. De rogha air sin, in ionad meĂĄchain, is fĂ©idir leat ĂșsĂĄid a bhaint as leictreoidĂ gearrtha i bpĂosaĂ Ăł thĂĄthĂș.
meĂĄchan primitive le haghaidh cothromĂș an cardan sa bhaile
Beidh an algartam oibre mar seo a leanas:
- TĂĄ fad an seafta cardan roinnte go coinnĂollach i 4 chuid chothroma san eitleĂĄn trasnĂĄnach (d'fhĂ©adfadh go mbeadh nĂos mĂł pĂĄirteanna ann, braitheann sĂ© go lĂ©ir ar aimplitiĂșid an chreathadh agus fonn ĂșinĂ©ir an ghluaisteĂĄin go leor ama agus iarracht a chaitheamh ar seo. ).
- Go dtĂ dromchla an chĂ©ad chuid den seafta cardan go daingean, ach leis an bhfĂ©idearthacht a thuilleadh dĂchĂłimeĂĄla, ceangail an meĂĄchan thuasluaite. Chun seo a dhĂ©anamh, is fĂ©idir leat clamp miotail, comhionannas vĂłtaĂ plaisteach, tĂ©ip nĂł feiste eile dĂĄ samhail a ĂșsĂĄid. In ionad meĂĄchain, is fĂ©idir leat leictreoidĂ a ĂșsĂĄid, ar fĂ©idir iad a chur faoin clamp roinnt pĂosaĂ ag an am cĂ©anna. De rĂ©ir mar a laghdaĂonn an mais, laghdaĂtear a n-uimhir (nĂł vice versa, le mĂ©adĂș, cuirtear leo).
- dĂ©antar tuilleadh tĂĄstĂĄla. Chun seo a dhĂ©anamh, dĂ©anann siad an carr a thiomĂĄint ar bhĂłthar cothrom agus dĂ©anann siad anailĂs ar cibĂ© an bhfuil laghdĂș tagtha ar an gcreathadh.
- Mura bhfuil aon athrĂș, nĂ mĂłr duit filleadh ar an gharĂĄiste agus an t-ualach a aistriĂș chuig an chĂ©ad deighleog eile den seafta cardan. Ansin dĂ©an tĂĄstĂĄil arĂs.
Gléasta an meåchan gimbal
NĂ mĂłr mĂreanna 2, 3 agus 4 Ăłn liosta thuas a dhĂ©anamh go dtĂ go bhfaighidh tĂș cuid ar an seafta carraeireachta ina laghdaĂtear an creathadh de rĂ©ir meĂĄchain. ina theannta sin, mar an gcĂ©anna eimpĂreach, tĂĄ sĂ© riachtanach chun a chinneadh an mais an meĂĄchan. Go hidĂ©alach, lena roghnĂș ceart chĂłir creathadh a bheith imithe. ar chor ar bith.
Is Ă©ard atĂĄ i gcomhardĂș deiridh an âcardanâ le do lĂĄmha fĂ©in an meĂĄchan roghnaithe a shocrĂș go docht. Chun seo, tĂĄ sĂ© inmhianaithe tĂĄthĂș leictreacha a ĂșsĂĄid. Mura bhfuil sĂ© agat, ansin i gcĂĄsanna tromchĂșiseacha is fĂ©idir leat uirlis choitianta ar a dtugtar "tĂĄthĂș fuar" a ĂșsĂĄid, nĂł Ă© a dhĂ©anamh nĂos doichte le clamp miotail (mar shampla, pluimĂ©ireacht).
CothromĂș an seafta cardan sa bhaile
TĂĄ modh diagnĂłisithe amhĂĄin, cĂ© nach bhfuil sĂ© chomh hĂ©ifeachtach cĂ©anna. Dar leis, nĂ mĂłr duit dĂchĂłimeĂĄil an seafta seo Ăłn gcarr. Tar Ă©is sin, nĂ mĂłr duit dromchla cothrom a fhĂĄil nĂł a phiocadh suas (b'fhearr go foirfe cothromĂĄnach). Cuirtear dhĂĄ choirnĂ©al nĂł cainĂ©al cruach air (nĂl a mĂ©id neamhthĂĄbhachtach) ag fad beagĂĄn nĂos lĂș nĂĄ fad an seafta cardan.
Tar Ă©is sin, leagtar an "cardan" fĂ©in orthu. MĂĄ tĂĄ sĂ© lĂșbtha nĂł dĂfhoirmithe, is Ă© cm a meĂĄchanlĂĄr freisin. DĂĄ rĂ©ir sin, sa chĂĄs seo, scrollĂłidh sĂ© agus Ă©ireoidh sĂ© ionas go mbeidh a chuid nĂos troime ag an mbun. Beidh sĂ© seo ina lĂ©iriĂș soilĂ©ir ar an ĂșinĂ©ir an ghluaisteĂĄin ina eitleĂĄn a chuardach le haghaidh Ă©agothroime. TĂĄ cĂ©imeanna breise cosĂșil leis an modh roimhe seo. Is Ă© sin, tĂĄ meĂĄchain ceangailte leis an seafta seo agus dĂ©antar ĂĄiteanna a gceangal agus a mais a rĂomh go turgnamhach. Ar ndĂłigh, tĂĄ na meĂĄchain ceangailte ar an taobh eile Ăłn gceann ina dtagraĂtear freisin do lĂĄrionad meĂĄchanlĂĄr an tseafta.
is modh Ă©ifeachtach amhĂĄin Ă© freisin anailĂsĂ minicĂochta a ĂșsĂĄid. Is fĂ©idir Ă© a dhĂ©anamh de lĂĄimh. Mar sin fĂ©in, tĂĄ gĂĄ le clĂĄr a dhĂ©anann aithris ar ascalascĂłp leictreonach ar rĂomhaire, ag taispeĂĄint leibhĂ©al minicĂochta ascaluithe a tharlaĂonn le linn rothlĂș an ghimbal. Is fĂ©idir leat Ă© a rĂĄ Ăłn IdirlĂon san fhearann ââpoiblĂ.
Mar sin, chun vibrations fuaime a thomhas, is gĂĄ duit micreafĂłn Ăogair i gcosaint meicniĂșil (rubar cĂșr). Mura bhfuil sĂ© ann, ansin is fĂ©idir leat glĂ©as a dhĂ©anamh Ăł chainteoir meĂĄntrastomhas agus slat miotail a tharchuirfidh vibrations fuaime (tonnta) dĂł. Chun seo a dhĂ©anamh, tĂĄ cnĂł tĂĄthaithe isteach i lĂĄr an chainteora, ina gcuirtear slat miotail isteach. TĂĄ sreang le breiseĂĄn sĂĄdrĂĄilte le haschuir an chainteora, atĂĄ ceangailte leis an ionchur micreafĂłn sa rĂomhaire.
Ina theannta sin, tarlaĂonn an nĂłs imeachta tomhais de rĂ©ir an algartam seo a leanas:
- TĂĄ acastĂłir tiomĂĄna an ghluaisteĂĄin crochadh amach, rud a ligeann do na rothaĂ rothlĂș go saor.
- DĂ©anann tiomĂĄnaĂ an chairr "luasghĂ©arĂș" Ă© go dtĂ luas ar a bhfeictear an tonnchrith de ghnĂĄth (de ghnĂĄth 60 ... 80 km / h, agus tugann sĂ© comhartha don duine a thĂłgann na tomhais.
- MĂĄ tĂĄ micreafĂłn Ăogair ĂĄ ĂșsĂĄid agat, tabhair gar go leor don ĂĄit mharcĂĄla Ă©. MĂĄ tĂĄ cainteoir agat le taiscĂ©alaĂ miotail, ansin caithfidh tĂș ar dtĂșs Ă© a shocrĂș in ĂĄit chomh gar agus is fĂ©idir do na marcanna a chuirtear i bhfeidhm. TĂĄ an toradh seasta.
- Cuirtear ceithre mharc coinnĂollach i bhfeidhm ar an seafta carat timpeall an imlĂne, gach 90 cĂ©im, agus tĂĄ siad uimhrithe.
- TĂĄ meĂĄchan tĂĄstĂĄla (meĂĄchan 10 ... 30 gram) ceangailte le ceann de na marcanna ag baint ĂșsĂĄide as tĂ©ip nĂł clamp. is fĂ©idir freisin nasc bolted an clamp a ĂșsĂĄid mar mheĂĄchan.
- dĂ©antar tomhais bhreise le meĂĄchan ag gach ceann de na ceithre ĂĄit in ord leis an uimhriĂș. Is Ă© sin, ceithre thomhas le haistriĂș lasta. Taifeadtar torthaĂ an aimplitiĂșid ascalaithe ar phĂĄipĂ©ar nĂł ar rĂomhaire.
SuĂomh na hĂ©agothroime
Is Ă© toradh an turgnaimh nĂĄ luachanna uimhriĂșla an voltais ar an ascalascĂłp, atĂĄ difriĂșil Ăłna chĂ©ile Ăł thaobh mĂ©ide de. ansin caithfidh tĂș scĂ©im a thĂłgĂĄil ar scĂĄla coinnĂollach a fhreagraĂonn do luachanna uimhriĂșla. TarraingĂtear ciorcal le ceithre threoir a fhreagraĂonn do shuĂomh an ualaigh. Ăn lĂĄr ar feadh na haiseanna seo, breactar teascĂĄin ar scĂĄla coinnĂollach de rĂ©ir na sonraĂ a fhaightear. Ansin ba chĂłir duit codanna 1-3 agus 2-4 a roinnt go grafach ina dhĂĄ leath de rĂ©ir codanna atĂĄ ingearach leo. TarraingĂtear ga Ăł lĂĄr an chiorcail trĂ phointe trasnaithe na mĂre deiridh go dtĂ an ĂĄit a dtrasnaĂonn an ciorcal. Is Ă© seo an pointe suĂmh Ă©agothroime a chaithfear a chĂșiteamh (fĂ©ach an figiĂșr).
Beidh an pointe atĂĄ ag teastĂĄil le haghaidh suĂomh an mheĂĄchain chĂșitimh ag an taobh trasnach go trasmhĂ©adrach. Maidir le mais an mheĂĄchain, rĂomhtar Ă© leis an bhfoirmle:
mĂĄs rud Ă©:
- mais neamhchothromaithe - luach inmhianaithe mais an Ă©agothroime bhunaithe;
- leibhéal creathadh gan meåchan tåståla - an luach voltais ar an oscilloscope, a thomhas roimh shuiteåil an meåchan tåståla ar an gimbal;
- meĂĄnluach an leibhĂ©al creathadh - an meĂĄn uimhrĂochtĂșil idir ceithre thomhas voltais ar an oscilloscope nuair a shuiteĂĄil ualach tĂĄstĂĄla ag ceithre phointe lĂ©irithe ar an gimbal;
- luach meĂĄchain an ualaigh tĂĄstĂĄla - luach mais an ualaigh turgnamhaigh bhunaithe, i ngraim;
- 1,1 - fachtĂłir ceartĂșchĂĄin.
De ghnĂĄth, is Ă© mais an Ă©agothroime bhunaithe nĂĄ 10 ... 30 gram. MĂĄs rud Ă© ar chĂșis Ă©igin nĂĄr Ă©irigh leat mais an Ă©agothroime a rĂomh go cruinn, is fĂ©idir leat Ă© a shocrĂș go turgnamhach. Is Ă© an rud is mĂł nĂĄ an suĂomh suiteĂĄla a fhios, agus an luach mais a choigeartĂș le linn an turas.
Mar a lĂ©irĂonn an cleachtas, ĂĄfach, nĂ dhĂ©antar an fhadhb a dhĂchur ach go pĂĄirteach trĂ ĂșsĂĄid a bhaint as an modh a thuairiscĂtear thuas trĂ fhĂ©inchothromĂș an seafta tiomĂĄna. Beifear in ann an carr a thiomĂĄint ar feadh i bhfad freisin gan vibrations suntasacha. Ach nĂ bheidh sĂ© indĂ©anta fĂĄil rĂ©idh leis go hiomlĂĄn. Mar sin, oibreoidh codanna eile den tarchur agus den chassis leis. Agus cuireann sĂ© seo isteach go diĂșltach ar a gcuid feidhmĂochta agus acmhainnĂ. DĂĄ bhrĂ sin, fiĂș tar Ă©is fĂ©in-chothromĂș, nĂ mĂłr duit dul i dteagmhĂĄil leis an stĂĄisiĂșn seirbhĂse leis an bhfadhb seo.
Modh deisiĂșchĂĄin teicneolaĂochta
MeaisĂn Comhardaithe Cardan
Ach mĂĄs rud Ă© i gcĂĄs den sĂłrt sin nach mbraitheann tĂș leithscĂ©al as 5 mĂle rĂșbal, is Ă© seo go dĂreach an praghas a bhaineann leis an seafta a chothromĂș sa cheardlann, ansin molaimid dul chuig na speisialtĂłirĂ. Is Ă©ard atĂĄ i gceist le diagnĂłisic a dhĂ©anamh i siopaĂ deisiĂșchĂĄin nĂĄ seastĂĄn speisialta a ĂșsĂĄid le haghaidh cothromĂș dinimiciĂșil. Chun seo a dhĂ©anamh, dĂ©antar an seafta seo a dhĂchĂłimeĂĄil Ăłn gcarr agus a shuiteĂĄil air. ĂirĂtear leis an bhfeiste roinnt braiteoirĂ agus dromchlaĂ rialaithe mar a thugtar orthu. Mura bhfuil an seafta neamhchothromaithe, ansin le linn uainĂochta dĂ©anfaidh sĂ© teagmhĂĄil leis na heilimintĂ a luaitear lena dhromchla. Seo mar a dhĂ©antar anailĂs ar an gcĂ©imseata agus ar a cuaire. TaispeĂĄntar an fhaisnĂ©is go lĂ©ir ar an monatĂłir.
Is fĂ©idir obair dheisiĂșchĂĄin a dhĂ©anamh ar bhealaĂ Ă©agsĂșla:
- SuiteĂĄil plĂĄtaĂ cothromaĂochta go beacht ar dhromchla an seafta cardan. Ag an am cĂ©anna, dĂ©antar a meĂĄchan agus a suĂomh suiteĂĄla a rĂomh go cruinn ag clĂĄr rĂomhaire. Agus tĂĄ siad ceangailte le cabhair Ăł thĂĄthĂș mhonarcha.
- An seafta cardĂĄn a chothromĂș ar an deil. ĂsĂĄidtear an modh seo i gcĂĄs damĂĄiste suntasach do chĂ©imseata an eilimint. Go deimhin, sa chĂĄs seo, is minic a bhĂonn gĂĄ le ciseal ĂĄirithe miotail a bhaint, rud a fhĂĄgann go dtiocfaidh laghdĂș ar neart an seafta agus mĂ©adĂș ar an ualach air i modhanna gnĂĄthoibrĂochta.
NĂ bheidh sĂ© indĂ©anta meaisĂn den sĂłrt sin a thĂĄirgeadh chun seaftaĂ cardĂĄn a chothromĂș le do lĂĄmha fĂ©in, Ăłs rud Ă© go bhfuil sĂ© an-chasta. Mar sin fĂ©in, gan Ă© a ĂșsĂĄid, nĂ bheidh sĂ© indĂ©anta cothromaĂocht ardchĂĄilĂochta agus iontaofa a thĂĄirgeadh.
TorthaĂ
Is fĂ©idir an cardĂĄn a chothromĂș duit fĂ©in sa bhaile. Mar sin fĂ©in, nĂ mĂłr duit a thuiscint go bhfuil sĂ© dodhĂ©anta mais idĂ©alach an fhrithmheĂĄchan a roghnĂș agus ĂĄit a shuiteĂĄil ar do chuid fĂ©in. Mar sin, nĂ fĂ©idir fĂ©in-dheisiĂș a dhĂ©anamh ach amhĂĄin i gcĂĄs mionchreathadh nĂł mar mhodh sealadach chun fĂĄil rĂ©idh leo. Go hidĂ©alach, nĂ mĂłr duit dul chuig stĂĄisiĂșn seirbhĂse, ĂĄit a ndĂ©anfaidh siad an cardan a chothromĂș ar mheaisĂn speisialta.