Ag teacht amach as an ceo: conas ceo contĂșirteach fuinneoga sa charr a chosc
ComhdhlĂșthĂș taise nĂł, nĂos simplĂ, ceo ar dhromchlaĂ gloine istigh urrann na bpaisinĂ©irĂ, bĂonn ar thiomĂĄnaithe beagnach gach lĂĄ. Is minic a tharlaĂonn sĂ© seo sa lasmuigh den sĂ©asĂșr agus sa gheimhreadh, nuair a bhĂonn sĂ© fuar lasmuigh. Idir an dĂĄ linn, is bealach dĂreach chuig Ă©igeandĂĄlaĂ Ă© gloine cheo. Fuaireamar amach conas agus leis an mĂ©id is fĂ©idir leat an fhadhb a rĂ©iteach go hĂ©asca agus go tapa.
TĂĄ tĂĄstĂĄil dĂ©anta ag ĂĄr saineolaithe go praiticiĂșil ar Ă©ifeachtacht roinnt tĂĄirgĂ mĂłrĂ©ilimh atĂĄ deartha chun an comhdhlĂșthĂĄn atĂĄ ar an taobh istigh d'fhuinneoga gluaisteĂĄn a neodrĂș. Ach sula mbogaimid ar aghaidh go dtĂ an chuid thĂĄirgiĂșil den turgnamh, dĂ©anaimis fĂ©achaint ar nĂĄdĂșr na ceiste.
TĂĄ an carr i bhfad nĂos teo, ar a laghad tĂĄ sĂ© seo faoi deara de ghnĂĄth tar Ă©is cĂșpla nĂłimĂ©ad de tĂ©amh suas an t-inneall. ĂirĂonn na difrĂochtaĂ teochta seo - nĂos Ăsle lasmuigh agus nĂos airde taobh istigh - mar chatalaĂoch chun comhdhlĂșthĂĄn a fhoirmiĂș. Is lĂ©ir nach fĂ©idir leis teacht Ăł ĂĄit ar bith leis fĂ©in - nĂ mĂłr dĂșinn freisin na coinnĂollacha cuĂ, ar an gcĂ©ad dul sĂos - tiĂșchan ĂĄirithe gal uisce, arna thomhas i milleagraim in aghaidh an mhĂ©adair ciĂșbach aer. Thairis sin, le haghaidh gach luach den tĂĄscaire seo, tĂĄ pointe drĂșcht mar a thugtar air, i bhfocail eile, teocht chriticiĂșil ĂĄirithe, laghdĂș as a dtagann taise as an aer, is Ă© sin, comhdhlĂșthĂĄn. Mar gheall ar shainiĂșlacht an phrĂłisis seo is amhlaidh is Ăsle an taise, is Ăsle an pointe drĂșcht. Conas a tharlaĂonn sĂ© seo taobh istigh den charr?
Nuair a shuĂonn tĂș sa chĂĄbĂĄn, tĂ©ann an t-aer suas de rĂ©ir a chĂ©ile, ardaĂonn a thaise Ăł do lĂĄithreacht. Tugann an prĂłiseas seo "go tapa" teocht na gloine, arna fhuarĂș ag aer lasmuigh, go pointe drĂșcht an aeir sa chabĂĄin. Agus tarlaĂonn sĂ© seo, mar a deir meitĂ©areolaithe, ag teorainn na teagmhĂĄla, is Ă© sin, ĂĄit a mbuaileann an âtosach aerâ te le dromchla istigh nĂos fuaire an windshield. Mar thoradh air sin, tĂĄ an chuma ar an taise air. Ar ndĂłigh, Ăł thaobh na fisice, is fĂ©idir cosc ââââa chur ar chuma comhdhlĂșthĂĄn go trĂĄthĂșil mĂĄ laghdaĂtear go mĂłr an difrĂocht i dteocht an aeir lasmuigh agus taobh istigh den mheaisĂn. Mar sin, dĂĄla an scĂ©il, dĂ©anann go leor tiomĂĄnaithe, lena n-ĂĄirĂtear aerchĂłiriĂș agus sĂ©ideadh aer te ar na fuinneoga nuair a bhĂonn an cĂĄbĂĄin ĂĄ thĂ©amh (le haghaidh seo, dĂĄla an scĂ©il, tĂĄ cnaipe ar leith ar an bpainĂ©al rialaithe aerĂĄide). Ach seo Ă© nuair a bhĂonn "condo" ann. Agus nuair nach bhfuil sĂ© ann, is minic go gcaithfidh tĂș na fuinneoga a oscailt agus an taobh istigh a aerĂĄil, nĂł an sorn a mhĂșchadh go sealadach agus an taobh istigh agus an windshield a shĂ©ideadh go dian le haer fuar lasmuigh.
Mar sin fĂ©in, is trifles iad seo go lĂ©ir i gcomparĂĄid leis na trioblĂłidĂ a d'fhĂ©adfadh ceo tobann ar an windshield a sheachadadh go dĂreach agus tĂș ag tiomĂĄint. Mar shampla, dĂ©anaimis staid tipiciĂșil amhĂĄin a lua, a bhfuil cinnte go gcaithfidh go leor tiomĂĄnaithe a bheith ann, mar shampla, sa phrĂomhchathair. Samhlaigh: tĂĄ sĂ© beagĂĄn sioc lasmuigh, thart ar seacht gcĂ©im, tĂĄ sĂ© ag cur sneachta go hĂ©adrom, tĂĄ infheictheacht ar an mbĂłthar go maith. Gluaiseann an carr go mall i marmalĂid trĂĄchta, tĂĄ an cĂĄbĂĄin te agus compordach. Agus tagann an bealach trasna tollĂĄn, ĂĄit a bhfuil, mar a tharla sĂ©, an "aerĂĄid" beagĂĄn difriĂșil. Taobh istigh den tollĂĄn, mar gheall ar ghĂĄis sceite te agus innill reatha, tĂĄ an teocht nĂos mĂł nĂĄ nialas cheana fĂ©in agus tĂĄ an sneachta greamaithe do na rothaĂ leĂĄ go tapa, agus mar sin tĂĄ an asfalt fliuch, agus tĂĄ an taise aeir go suntasach nĂos airde nĂĄ "thuas". SnĂonn an cĂłras rialaithe aerĂĄide sa charr cuid den mheascĂĄn aeir seo, rud a mhĂ©adaĂonn taise an aeir cĂĄbĂĄin atĂĄ tĂ©ite cheana fĂ©in. Mar thoradh air sin, nuair a thosaĂonn an carr ag tiomĂĄint amach as an tollĂĄn isteach sa chrios aeir fuar lasmuigh, tĂĄ sĂ© an-dĂłchĂșil go mbeifĂ ag sĂșil le ceo gĂ©ar ar an windshield, go hĂĄirithe i gcĂĄsanna ina bhfuil an dĂreoite mĂșchta. Is baol ard go dtarlĂłidh timpiste mar gheall ar mheathlĂș tobann ar infheictheacht.
Moltar modhanna Ă©agsĂșla mar bhearta coisctheacha chun an baol a bhaineann le cĂĄsanna den sĂłrt sin a ĂoslaghdĂș. Is Ă© ceann de na cinn is coitianta nĂĄ cĂłireĂĄil thrĂ©imhsiĂșil (thart ar uair amhĂĄin gach 3-4 seachtaine) ar dhromchla istigh an ghloine istigh le hullmhĂș speisialta, an gnĂomhaire frith-fogging mar a thugtar air. TĂĄ prionsabal oibriĂș uirlis den sĂłrt sin (is Ă© Ă©agsĂșlacht theicniĂșil alcĂłil a phrĂomh-chomhphĂĄirt) bunaithe ar fheabhas a chur ar airĂonna uisce-repellent gloine. Mura ndĂ©antar Ă© a phrĂłiseĂĄil, ansin titeann an comhdhlĂșthĂĄn air i bhfoirm na mĂlte braoinĂnĂ bĂdeacha, rud a fhĂĄgann go mbĂonn an ghloine âceoâ.
Ach ar dhromchla gloine cĂłireĂĄilte, go hĂĄirithe ceann claonta, tĂĄ sĂ© beagnach dodhĂ©anta titeann a fhoirmiĂș. Sa chĂĄs seo, nĂ taiseann an comhdhlĂșthĂĄn ach an ghloine, ar fĂ©idir le duine scannĂĄn uisce trĂ©dhearcach a urramĂș, cĂ© nach bhfuil sĂ© aonfhoirmeach i ndlĂșs, ach fĂłs. Tugann sĂ© isteach, ar ndĂłigh, roinnt saobhadh optĂșla nuair a bhreathnaĂtear air trĂ ghloine fliuch, ach tĂĄ an infheictheacht i bhfad nĂos fearr nĂĄ nuair a bhĂonn sĂ© ceo.
NĂ haon ionadh Ă© go bhfuil an t-Ă©ileamh ar frith-foggers inĂĄr margadh fĂłs cobhsaĂ, agus ar dĂol inniu is fĂ©idir leat teacht ar nĂos mĂł nĂĄ dosaen de na drugaĂ seo a thĂĄirgtear ag monarĂłirĂ Ă©agsĂșla. Chinneamar, don tĂĄstĂĄil chomparĂĄideach, muid fĂ©in a theorannĂș do shĂ© thĂĄirge a ceannaĂodh ag dĂoltĂłirĂ carranna slabhra agus ag stĂĄisiĂșin ghĂĄis. DĂ©antar beagnach gach ceann dĂobh sa RĂșis - is iad seo aerasĂłil ChiarraĂ (rĂ©igiĂșn MoscĂł) agus Sintec (Obninsk), spraeanna rĂșidbhealaigh (St Petersburg) agus Sapfire (rĂ©igiĂșn MoscĂł), chomh maith le leacht ASTROhim (MoscĂł). Agus nĂ dhĂ©antar ach an sĂ©Ăș rannphĂĄirtĂ - spraeĂĄil branda na GearmĂĄine SONAX - thar lear. Tabhair faoi deara nach bhfuil aon mhodhanna a nglactar leo go ginearĂĄlta nĂł nach bhfuil aon mhodhanna oifigiĂșla ann faoi lĂĄthair chun drugaĂ a mheas sa chatagĂłir seo. DĂĄ bhrĂ sin, le haghaidh a gcuid tĂĄstĂĄla, d'fhorbair ĂĄr saineolaithe ar thairseach AvtoParad teicnĂc bhunaidh Ășdair.
Is Ă© a bunĂșsach nĂĄ go ndĂ©antar gloinĂ calabraithe (den chruth agus den mhĂ©id cĂ©anna) don tĂĄstĂĄil, ceann do gach sampla frith-cheo. DĂ©ileĂĄiltear le gach gloine le hullmhĂș tĂĄstĂĄla amhĂĄin, a thriomĂș ar feadh nĂłimĂ©id, ansin Ă© a chur i gcoimeĂĄdĂĄn le ard-taise aeir ag teocht de thart ar 30 cĂ©im ar feadh cĂșpla soicind ar bhealach speisialta. Tar Ă©is an chuma ar chomhdhlĂșthĂĄn, socraĂtear an plĂĄta gloine gan gluaiseacht sa sealbhĂłir agus ansin trĂd, mar trĂ scagaire solais gan dath, dĂ©antar an tĂ©acs rialaithe a ghrianghrafadh. Chun an turgnamh a dhĂ©anamh nĂos casta, rinneadh an tĂ©acs seo a "chlĂłscrĂobh" le gearrthĂłga Ăł fhĂłgraĂ, a rinneadh i raon dathanna agus airde clĂł Ă©agsĂșla.
Chun tionchar an fhachtĂłra dhaonna a laghdĂș agus na grianghraif a fuarthas ĂĄ meas, chuir ĂĄr saineolaithe a gcuid anailĂse de chĂșram ar chlĂĄr speisialta a aithnĂonn tĂ©acs. Nuair a bhĂonn an ghloine tirim, tĂĄ sĂ© go hiomlĂĄn trĂ©dhearcach, mar sin aithnĂtear an tĂ©acs rialaithe a gabhadh gan earrĂĄidĂ. MĂĄ tĂĄ strĂoc scannĂĄin uisce ar an ghloine nĂł fiĂș na braoinĂnĂ uisce is lĂș a thugann isteach saobhadh optĂșil, feictear earrĂĄidĂ sa tĂ©acs aitheanta. Agus an nĂos lĂș acu, is Ă©ifeachtaĂ gnĂomh an ghnĂomhaire frith-fogging. Is lĂ©ir nach bhfuil an clĂĄr in ann cuid den tĂ©acs ar a laghad a thĂłgtar trĂ ghloine cheo comhdhlĂșthĂĄn (gan chĂłireĂĄil) a aithint a thuilleadh.
Ina theannta sin, le linn na dtĂĄstĂĄlacha, rinne na saineolaithe comparĂĄid amhairc freisin ar na hĂomhĂĄnna a fuarthas, rud a d'fhĂĄg go bhfĂ©adfaĂ smaoineamh nĂos cuimsithĂ a fhĂĄil ar Ă©ifeachtacht gach sampla. Bunaithe ar na sonraĂ a fuarthas, roinneadh na sĂ© rannphĂĄirtĂ i mbeirteanna, agus ghlac gach ceann acu a ĂĄit sa rangĂș deiridh.
Mar sin, de rĂ©ir an mhodha a tugadh faoi deara thuas, lĂ©irigh spraeĂĄla SONAX na GearmĂĄine agus an leacht ASTROhim baile an Ă©ifeachtacht is airde i neodrĂș comhdhlĂșthĂĄn. TĂĄ trĂ©dhearcacht na spĂ©aclaĂ a phrĂłiseĂĄlann siad tar Ă©is caillteanas taise den sĂłrt sin go bhfuil an tĂ©acs rialaithe Ă©asca le lĂ©amh Ăł thaobh amhairc agus go n-aithnĂonn an clĂĄr Ă© le hearrĂĄidĂ Ăosta (gan nĂos mĂł nĂĄ 10%). Toradh - an chĂ©ad ĂĄit.
DâĂ©irigh go han-mhaith freisin leis na samplaĂ a bhain an dara hĂĄit amach, aerasĂłl Sintec agus spraeĂĄil Sapfir. Mar gheall ar a n-ĂșsĂĄid bhĂothas in ann na spĂ©aclaĂ a choinneĂĄil trĂ©dhearcach tar Ă©is comhdhlĂșthĂșchĂĄin. Is fĂ©idir an tĂ©acs rialaithe a lĂ©amh go radhairc trĂothu freisin, ach rinne an clĂĄr aitheantais âmeastĂłireachtâ ar Ă©ifeacht na bhfrith-foggers seo nĂos criticiĂșla, rud a thug amach thart ar 20% earrĂĄidĂ le linn aitheantais.
Maidir leis na daoine Ăłn taobh amuigh dĂĄr dtĂĄstĂĄlacha - spraeĂĄla Runwow agus aerasĂłil ChiarraĂ - tĂĄ a n-Ă©ifeacht go suntasach nĂos laige nĂĄ mar atĂĄ ag na ceithre rannphĂĄirtithe eile. SocraĂodh Ă© seo Ăł thaobh amhairc agus de rĂ©ir thorthaĂ an chlĂĄir aitheantais tĂ©acs, ina bhfuarthas nĂos mĂł nĂĄ 30% dâearrĂĄidĂ. Mar sin fĂ©in, tĂĄ Ă©ifeacht ĂĄirithe fĂłs ag baint le hĂșsĂĄid an dĂĄ fhrith-foggers seo.
Agus sna grianghraif seo feiceann tĂș torthaĂ tĂĄstĂĄla rialaithe na gceannairĂ tĂĄstĂĄla, a dhĂ©antar trĂ ghloine tar Ă©is comhdhlĂșthĂșchĂĄin. Sa chĂ©ad ghrianghraf - gloine rĂ©amhchĂłireĂĄilte le ASTROhim; ar an dara - le Sintec; ar an trĂĂș - le RĂșidbhealach.